It’s not often that major developments occur in Southern Europe in the month of August. Montenegro’s announcement of its new instant second passport by investment program this past week is an exception.

Perhaps the Montenegrin government hoped to avoid the inevitable backlash from certain nationalist and socialist politicians in the European Union, while attracting the attention of wealthy Americans, Russians and Chinese at whom the program is aimed.

Montenegro has just become only the third state in the world to offer an economic citizenship program, along with the Caribbean island nations of St Kitts and Nevis and the Commonwealth of Dominica. Austria has a similar program with a few more strings attached, while Paraguay, Uruguay and the Dominican Republic are known for their relatively liberal grants of second citizenship after a period of residence. (More information on citizenship by naturalization programs.)

Montenegro is the youngest country in modern Europe, having voted for independence and achieved international recognition in 2006. However its history dates back to Byzantine times. (See Wikipedia entry on Montenegro)

Since independence, Montenegro has boomed, fuelled by a surge of foreign offshore investment… to date mainly from wealthy Russians who have felt comfortable with its Slavic culture, stunning coastline, visa-free travel to the European Union, and confidential offshore banking regime that has been substantially cleaned up following some scandals in the 1990s.

By launching an official economic citizenship program, however, the government of Montenegro hopes to attract investors from further afield, by co-operating with international law firms, trust companies and offshore service providers. We don’t doubt they are taking aim at the huge Chinese market, as well as the increasing flow of Americans who – spurred on by policies like Obamacare and the HIRE Act – are looing to renounce US citizenship for tax, privacy and asset protection reasons.

The new Montenegro economic citizenship program will require an investment of at least EUR 500,000, some of which goes direct to the Montenegrin Treasury and the rest of which must be used to generate business and employment in Montenegro.

Although the announcement is new, insiders have been suspecting for some time that Montenegro passports were available to prominent wealthy investors. One of the most infamous to date is former Thai prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra, who now travels on a Montenegro passport. Mr Shinawatra was convicted in absentia in his homeland on corruption charges, but denies all the charges against him and has announced plans to invest in Montenegro, possibly in some of the luxury hotels along the coast where he has reportedly been staying.

Details of this new second passport program are not yet entirely clear, except that it will be substantially more expensive than established competitors such as the St Kitts and Nevis program that also offers its passport holders visa-free travel to the European Union.

Rest assured however that we at Q Wealth will be monitoring the situation closely and we are already in contact with the government of Montenegro with regard to an interview and citizenship FAQ for the autumn Q Wealth Report. If you are not yet on our free e-mail list, sign up now to receive updates.

Peter Macfarlane is just back from a Caribbean trip taking in St Kitts and Nevis and Dominica, the only two countries in the world that still offer Economic Citizenship programs. Things have changed a lot down there in the last few years. Here’s what he found out…

More and more people are looking for second passports. And most of those people these days are US citizens looking to renounce their citizenship. There are only two economic citizenship programs left in the world today, both in small Caribbean nations. I wanted to see what was really going on with these programs and to get some on-the-ground intel that you can’t always gather from the internet. So, I booked a flight into Antigua and got some connections on LIAT, the Caribbean airline.

Although (unlike many others) this publication was launched in England, has a worldwide readership and was never originally aimed at Americans, it’s easy to see that the USA accounts for most of our new subscriptions these days. I believe these are people who value our international outlook.

An increasing number of Americans, it is clear, have simply had enough of taxation, attacks on their civil liberties, Obamacare and most recently the dastardly HIRE Act – perhaps the biggest attack ever on those who have worked hard to build up assets and savings. And who can blame them?

I had imagined that the HIRE Act would have some deterrent effect, making Americans more scared to go offshore. In fact, I am seeing people scrambling to set up offshore structures before the deadline next year and place assets in the best offshore banks that are not likely to co-operate in what is a back door currency control system.

Many Americans are looking for second citizenships these days. A decade ago we saw Russians looking for second passports, then came the Chinese… since Obama’s election, the offshore banking countries catering to those seeking economic citizenship (St Kitts and Nevis, and Dominica) are seeing a wave of Americans.

Americans are a patriotic people, but more and more are realizing that their government has been conning them for a long time – trying to confuse patriotism with support for the government. In fact, it’s the American government that is unpatriotic… constantly fighting to undermine the American ideals of freedom, liberty and prosperity. The USA is the only country in the world that expects its citizens to pay taxes even if they don’t live there.

You might already know this, but to expatriate from the USA and renounce American citizenship – thereby breaking free of your US tax obligations provided you don’t intend to live there any longer – you must first have another citizenship. There are basically three ways you can do this:

• Through birth: for example if you are lucky enough to have close family from Europe, you may be able to obtain a European passport
• Through naturalization: this requires a period of residence, sometimes as short as three years (Paraguay and Dominican Republic) but typically five to ten years.
• If you don’t have family connections and you don’t want to wait years, you can basically buy a new citizenship by developing a connection with a foreign country by making a substantial investment: this is what is called Economic Citizenship.

On this recent trip I visited both the Federation of St Kitts (St Christopher) and Nevis; and the Commonwealth of Dominica, both small Caribbean countries that offer you the chance to acquire a new citizenship for you and your family within a few short months, by making an investment. By the way, don’t confuse the Commonwealth of Dominica, a small English speaking island nation, with the much larger Dominican Republic which is hundreds of miles away. (Editor’s note: Dominican Republic citizenship might also be an attractive option, but is outside the scope of this article as it is not an economic citizenship program. You can read more about that here: Joe Gonzalez article on Dominican Republic citizenship)

I had visited both of these nations some years ago, but things have changed – drastically. While you can do a certain amount of research on the internet, there’s no substitute for spending a few days on the ground talking to government officials and well-connected local lawyers who know the score. Most of what you read on the internet is written by foreign promoters of citizenship programs, who will naturally have a certain bias and may never even have visited the islands. In the case of St Kitts, most of the promoters also have a vested interest in selling over-priced real estate.

These two economic citizenship programs are the remnants of what used to be quite a little industry in the region. Countries like Belize, Grenada, Guyana and Suriname have offered economic citizenship programs in the past, but they are long gone. That doesn’t stop unscrupulous promoters from still offering them.

I’ll be writing up a more detailed report on this in a forthcoming issue of Q Wealth Report (available only to members) but I can give you the bottom line now. Dominica is in my view a beautiful country, full of opportunity for tourism development and the like, but that might have to wait for the economic upswing that will be a long time coming. Dominica’s citizenship program is definitely going downhill since I last visited in 2006. I would not be surprised to see it coming to an end soon. While St Kitts and Nevis is doing well, attracting quality, heading further upscale. Here is a little of my reasoning:

• St Kitts and Nevis recently signed an agreement with the European Union allowing visa-free travel for all their passport holders, including economic citizens. This is an important coup that shows major western governments have confidence in the St Kitts program. Dominica does not have this benefit.
• Very importantly in my view, St Kitts and Nevis has refocused its program in recent years away from the idea that it is selling passports. This shows political savvy that seems to be working to their benefit. Naturalization implies a connection with the new country that is not merely financial. That is exactly what they are promoting, by strongly encouraging investors to purchase property in the country. St Kitts and Nevis are both pleasant places to stay, with great golfing and yachting, serious investments by groups like Marriott and Four Seasons, and more and more direct flight connections coming in. And the political savvy has extended to getting the twin island federation not just off the OECD’s blacklist but on to the whitelist… without changing much.
• St Kitts and Nevis enshrined economic citizenship in its constitution back in 1984. It is a well established program. They have maintained the price high and kept out the riff-raff which has negatively impacted other, less well regulated economic citizenship programs. Applications are processed efficiently and according to deadlines.
• Dominica, on the other hand, seems to have lost its direction with regard to economic citizenship, and is caving in to demands from the OECD and wealthier countries. There is greater domestic opposition to economic citizenship, and politicians are arguing over how to spend the money while keeping applications languishing for months without approval. The government seems to be heading more in the direction of accepting aid from Hugo Chavez in Venezuela, which is admittedly probably easier money in the short term and less controversial than selling passports. While I was there, in fact, the Dominican government signed a new Memorandum of Understanding whereby Chavez will give them a new coffee processing plant.

So at this time, although the options for economic citizenship in St Kitts and Nevis are definitely much more expensive that those in Dominica in terms of cash you have to put down on the table, I would consider the difference in cash outlay money well spent. Another good thing is that with the St Kitts investment option, you can buy attractive Caribbean real estate which you can enjoy in the meantime and will be free to sell after five years.

We’ll shortly be releasing a more detailed report on St Kitts and Nevis. If you would like to receive it, please go here: Free Nevis Offshore Report

Otherwise be sure to check out my upcoming article in Q Wealth Report, and you can be sure that this will be a hot topic for discussion at our next Q Wealth event in Cork, Ireland this September. See you there!

Last week I started the case study of the young American, looking to have his exit strategy or ‘Plan B’ in place, who was looking for a second passport. He was focusing in on options in South America, preferring that to the economic citizenship programs of St Kitts and Nevis and Dominica in the Caribbean. And we looked at  Uruguay as a residence and citizenship option. If you haven’t yet read, part one, I suggest you do so here.

I finished up last week by touching on the wild-card option, Paraguay. I said that for young-at-heart individuals with a sense of adventure and a slightly higher tolerance for risk (or perhaps an appetite for profit?) there is Paraguay. And I pointed out that somebody might choose Paraguay over Uruguay because:

• you can apply after three years for citizenship, with no need to worry about family units
• no need to buy real estate: $5000 deposit in a local Paraguay bank is enough
• costs in Paraguay are much lower
• it’s a country full of business opportunities
• it’s more anarchic than Uruguay, meaning less control and more freedom… for example, nobody is really going to count how many days you are there. Having residence on paper is enough.

You might feel freer in Paraguay because government is less developed and less intrusive. Paraguay has always been somewhat cut off from the world, a landlocked frontier state in the middle of South America, that was very hard to reach until maybe 20 years ago. It is known, unfortunately, as a place where Nazis went after the second world war… but it’s less well known that many Jews went there too.

Basically Paraguay’s immigration policy, enshrined in its constitution, is that everybody is welcome provided they come to live in peace and obey society’s norms there. There is plenty of room for everybody, with a low population density, and smart individuals with money and business experience are particularly welcomed. Other people who think outside the box, particularly the hard-working Mennonites, have also found safe haven in Paraguay over the years. Paraguay is very much a secular state… the current President is a former Catholic archbishop who was ex-communicated!

This liberal immigration policy continues into the granting of Paraguayan citizenship, as little as two years after taking up residence. Paraguay’s constitution specifically allows dual or multiple citizenship, though the government sometimes insists that those applying for naturaliation renounce their previous citizenship. This is not enforced however and there are legal ways around it.

Paraguay’s passport, issued to citizens, is an excellent travel document. Since Paraguay has a small population and most of its higher class citizens (the ones who have money to travel) are of European extraction, it has visa-free travel agreements with the European Union and many other countries around the world.

Even before you qualify for the Paraguayan passport, you will receive a cedula – the national ID card that is recognized as a travel document in other members of Mercosur such as Argentina, Chile and Brazil. This card is issued automatically to residents.

Obtaining residence is a relatively simple matter. We have access to good, experienced immigration lawyers in Asuncion, the Paraguayan capital, who can help you and have a track record of helping Q Wealth members before you. Referrals are free of charge to Q Wealth members – just contact the office.

Obtaining citizenship, that is necessary to obtain a Paraguayan passport, is a little more complicated. You will need to learn some basic Spanish in order to carry out the necessary civics test – a multiple choice paper with questions about history, geography and the like. You will need to know things like the major rivers, the names of important historical personages, and the system of government. You will also need to demonstrate some connection with the country, but the lawyers can assist you with that.

All in all, Paraguay is not for those who want a comfortable life in an apartment overlooking a beach. For those people, Uruguay is the better option. However if you are looking for a country where land is cheap, and most businesses are virgin and unregulated, look at Paraguay.

One final note: Paraguayan residence is a very attractive base for world travellers, particularly Brits and Europeans, Canadians and Aussies, seeking to travel the world in search of income while leaving behind their home country taxes. The passport is really only important for Americans who are taxed on their worldwide income unless they renounce citizenship, or for those from countries like China or Russia who have problems travelling anywhere on their existing passports.

More information, as always, can be found in Q Wealth Report. The back issues available online in our Members Area include information on Paraguayan residence.

“I’m a young, single US Citizen who is very concerned with the way things are going. I hope the government works things out fine. But in the meantime, prudence dictates that I have an exit strategy in place.”

That question came in recently for a reader asking about second passports and economic citizenship programs. The client was willing to do the following things:

1. Marry a Local Citizen (with an enforceable pre-nup).
2. Purchase a small property at Fair Market Value and pay property taxes.
3. Start a small business and pay local taxes.
4. Spend time to learn the local language.
5. Live in my new country for about 4-6 months per year for 3 years.

However, he also had a clear list of things he wanted to avoid:

1. I’m not willing to spend much more than 4-6 months per year.
2. I’m not willing to wait much more than 3 years.
3. I don’t think a Dominican Republic passport, St Kitts and Nevis Passport or Dominica passport is taken seriously so I want to avoid those countries.
4. I want to Avoid Canada because their taxes are too high.
5. I want to avoid renouncing my USA passport (but I might if needed)

The client’s research has already had him zeroing in on South America. Both Uruguay and Paraguay are attractive options, though they both have their clear advantages and disadvantages.

Although I don’t necessarily agree that Dominica and St Kitts and Nevis passports are not taken seriously, people in the know will certainly be aware that you’ve bought them. They are respectable programs, but still, I can understand this chap’s sentiments. If you can take the time to acquire a second passport by residence, including learning some of the local lingo, the advantages are huge. Both Uruguay and Paraguay have great visa-free travel. Feeling comfortable with your travel document is very important, so, in this case, I would definitely recommend the client goes with something from the zone he has been looking into.

“I’ve never been to Uruguay but I did the most research on Uruguay and it seems like a good country to gain citizenship. I must marry a local to get my citizenship in 3 years.  I’m told a great advantage of Uruguay is that you only need to be in  the country 3 months per year for 3 years if married and 5 years if single. I don’t know if this is true?”

Not exactly. A great thing about Uruguay is that although the normal waiting time for a passport for a single person is five years, anyone who is part of a “family unit” living in Uruguay can apply for naturalization and passport after three years. This does not necessarily mean you have to marry a local. It just means that if you have family in the country, it shows a greater committment, and therefore the waiting time is reduced to three years.

Marrying a citizen of any country is fine as long as the married couple live in Uruguay. Gay marriages are acceptable too. A family unit could also consist of brothers, a father and son, an uncle and nephew etc. The point is just that you should have a significant other in Uruguay.

The time you have to spend there is not set in stone but I guess 4-6 months is about the minimum. The connection you have with the country is more important than the number of days you physically spend there. Buying real estate, for example, demonstrates a connection, as does having a local corporation, paying taxes and social security etc. These are the kind of things you can expect the Uruguayan government to check up on when it comes to applying for citizenship.

Living in Uruguay is easy. More details of expat life in Uruguay, for example, can be found at Ola Uruguay. In the areas where expats typically live, services are of first world standard and there is little corruption.

All this comes at a cost, however. Compared to the rest of Latin America, both real estate and the cost of living in Uruguay is high. In the jet-set hideout of Jose Ignacio, a trendy village half an hour east of Punta del Este, I thought I was in London or Paris when I saw the restaurant bill!

So that’s living and obtaining a second passport in Uruguay, but what about taxes? For more details of Uruguay residence and citizenship, I am currently working on a free report that should be available during the summer to Q Wealth members. The report will take into consideration the new tax situation in Uruguay announced in May 2010, where for the first time Uruguayan residents (both citizens and foreign residents) will be subject for the first time to taxation on their worldwide income. If you would like to get this report as soon as it comes out, and without having to remember to check back here from time-to-time, let us know here: Uruguay Residence and Citizenship.

Now, for young-at-heart individuals with a sense of adventure and a slightly higher tolerance for risk (or perhaps an appetite for profit?) there is a wildcard choice: Paraguay. One might choose Paraguay over Uruguay because:

• you can apply after three years for citizenship, with no need to worry about family units
• no need to buy real estate: $5000 deposit in a local bank is enough
• costs in Paraguay are much lower
• it’s a country full of business opportunities
• it’s more anarchic than Uruguay, meaning less control and more freedom… for example, nobody is really going to count how many days you are there. Having residence on paper is enough.

I’ll be writing more about second citizenship opportunities in Paraguay in the second part of this article, which will be published in a week’s time. In the meantime, we have another article here: Paraguay Second Citizenship

More Americans than ever before are renouncing US citizenship. That’s the conclusion of a recent article in the New York Times. The steady stream of US citizens expatriating is turning into a flood – to the extent that many US consulates now have a waiting list for appointments to renounce citizenship.

Taxation, offshore investment and banking issues are, unsurprisingly, the main reasons given for renunciation by former Americans. The most productive Americans no longer want to be American… because they don’t feel they are being treated fairly or reasonably by their government.

American expatriates are furious at US attempts to tax their worldwide income… but the straw that broke the camel’s back in this case is the fact that due to the HIRE Act and money laundering legislation, both US banks and offshore banks are beginning to treat American passport holders as personas non grata, denying banking services and unilaterally closing bank accounts.

There’s an interesting change of mindset going on too, according to the NYT article. I quote:

“What we have seen is a substantial change in mentality among the overseas community in the past two years,” said Jackie Bugnion, director of American Citizens Abroad, an advocacy group based in Geneva. “Before, no one would dare mention to other Americans that they were even thinking of renouncing their U.S. nationality. Now, it is an openly discussed issue.”

…

“It is a sad outcome,” Ms. Bugnion said, “but I personally feel that we are now seeing only the tip of the iceberg.”

Renouncing American citizenship certainly doesn’t have the stigma attached to it that it might have had in the past. It seems to many like a smart business decision. Of course what the Times didn’t mention is the fact that in order to renounce American citizenship, the person renouncing must first have a second citizenship.

Many Americans are entitled to European Union or other countries’ citizenships based on ancestry – having a parent or even a grandparent born in other countries can open up a door to obtaining a quick and cheap second passport.

Those who are not so lucky may look instead to economic citizenship programs such as those of the twin island federation of St Kitts and Nevis, or the nature-island nation the Commonwealth of Dominica, the only two countries where one can still ‘buy’ citizenship. (Dominica and Dominican Republic are two different countries, often confused) The cost of such programs is usually in the six figure range, but it still makes good business sense to those who might be paying hundreds of thousands or millions a year in taxes. With the St Kitts and Nevis program, at least, one can invest in real estate and hopefully resell the property at some point in the future.

Fortunately, there’s a third route for those who are not millionaires, but still cherish their freedom: obtain a second citizenship through naturalization. This can typically be achieved for under $10,000, though of course it takes time… typically 3 – 7 years, depending on the country chosen and the category they are applying under. Some of the best countries for those wishing to follow this route are Uruguay, Paraguay, Dominican Republic and Ecuador.

More information on second passports and citizenships appears regularly in The Q Wealth Report. If you’re not yet a member, you may choose to subscribe to the full privately-published newsletter, or sign up for the ‘lite’ free offshore asset protection and second citizenship news in Q Bytes.

Ignorance is bliss – until problems occur…

The first reports of shooting came just before midnight. Within minutes, heavy explosions, muffled by the distance, echoed through the steel and glass canyons of the capital. Then the noise died down.

At the second-floor window of a room in the Marriott Hotel, this reporter and two others were listening for more sounds of fighting when they saw a man wearing a black ski mask and camouflage pants and carrying an automatic assault rifle running across a patio area outside.

The reporters crouched to the floor, but the gunman spotted them. ‘Out! Out!’ He Shouted

”Out! Out!” he shouted, aiming his AK-47 assault rifle.

Which Marriott Hotel is the New York Times talking about here? Kabul? Baghdad? No, Panama, just a little over twenty years ago. You can read the full article here.

In the gilded lobby of the luxury hotel, Panama City’s finest, seven other gunmen had herded together about 80 guests and staff members. They were forced to lie face down with their arms outstretched.

”Who’s American?” several of the gunmen shouted at once. ”Americans over there.” The gunmen pushed a group of 11 into an adjacent section of the lobby.

You know we at Q Wealth are pretty positive on Panama. Many times I’ve been in that lobby for meetings with clients. But the point is, you have to be prepared. Recent geopolitical events over relatively insignificant territories have highlighted the risk and instability of the world we live in.

Who would have thought just a month or two ago of territorial disputes involving the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Argentina having a major effect on the global economy and politics? Surely, these are relatively stable countries, not be compared with Afghanistan or Iraq?

Yet our memories are short. Back in 1982 nearly 1000 lives were lost in the Falklands War. And, seemingly all of a sudden, tensions are heating up again in the region. Unsurprisingly, it has something to do with oil.

Venezuela, meanwhile, has had territorial ambitions over the Netherlands Antilles off its coast for years. And, as money launderer turned bank compliance officer Kenneth Rijock points out in this article, Hugo Chavez has just recently directly threatened the status of the Dutch Caribbean possessions of Aruba, Bonaire and Curacao, as well as the United States Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. The Netherlands is in no position to defend these islands and there is the added potential flashpoint that comes from the fact that US military aircraft are based in these islands.

The Libyan government, meanwhile, has recently banned entry into their country of all nationals of Schengen countries (most of the European Union, excluding UK and Ireland). Just like that. I didn’t even see it on the mainstream news. It’s something Canada does from time to time as well. Most recently with just 48 hours’ notice they suddenly started demanding visas from Mexicans and Czechs. Those who already had flights booked were left to solve the problem themselves.

The fact is that disputes like these, that can only really be described as silly, can pop up almost anywhere at any time. They could turn out to be just what politicians on all sides need to rally popular support and distract the slumbering masses from the real serious problems.

The most important lesson is the need for geographic diversification. This kind of thing happens all the time and it could affect you or your assets. You shouldn’t keep all your assets in one place. You should get a second passport. You also need to keep your finger on the pulse and follow serious news sources that cover geopolitical matters. Stratfor is good, or for quick reading check out Sovereign Man.

Lots of Americans are buying land in Argentina at the moment. Now I’m not saying the following is likely, but neither is it so far-fetched…. What if a new Falklands War breaks out and the US steps in on the British side? How will the US and Britain being at war with Argentina affect investments, freedom to travel, and most importantly security of those expats?

“What if” is something people need to be asking themselves a lot these days. We live in a very unstable world. There is no 100% security. Little, insignificant disputes between politicians can spill over into making life hell for ordinary people. And then there are the relationships between China, the USA, and Russia…

In real estate, people talk about the three factors: location, location, and location. In offshore and asset protection planning, I talk about the same three factors. Diversification, diversification and diversification. Never keep all your assets in the same place, the same currencies or the same asset form.

Things change fast. Back in 1989, Miami was a safe place for Latin Americans to keep money. Now it isn’t. Panama has taken over that role and is stable.

Once again, the lesson is: be prepared. There is no 100% security anywhere. If you and your assets are mobile and ready with flags of convenience like offshore IBCs/corporations, foreign multi currency bank accounts, and second passports, you will be safer if severe crisis hits. And be sure to subscribe to Q Wealth Report where we write about such matters and – even more importantly – solutions, detailed plans and strategies. If you are not yet a subscriber and want to see the package of benefits you are missing out on, click here.

by Peter Macfarlane

In response to some feedback received from readers over the last few weeks, I wanted to clarify what I mean when I talk about taxation on worldwide income.

I’ve often written that the United States is the only country that taxes its citizens on their worldwide income, by virtue of their citizenship. Then people write to me saying “Canada does too” or “New Zealand now taxes citizens on their worldwide income too” to quote a couple of examples.

The fact is that most developed countries tax residents on their worldwide income. That means that for example a Canadian living in Canada, or a New Zealander living in New Zealand, is indeed subject to taxation on worldwide income.

The big difference is that a Canadian living outside Canada (a Canadian expat)  is no longer subject to Canadian taxes on income from other parts of the world. To give you a practical example, a Canadian who escapes the frozen north to live in tropical Belize under the Belize Qualified Retired persons program and invests his money through a Panama Foundation, brokerage and bank accounts in Panama, will not be subject to Canadian taxes any more. The same applies even if he runs an active business somewhere outside Belize – he could be in consulting, e-commerce or a host of other businesses that don’t require his physical presence.

In this example, our Canadian will be in the enviable position of having avoided almost all taxes completely legally at a stroke. As a non-resident of Canada, he is no longer subject to the claws of Revenue Canada. Belize only taxes local income, while Panama does not tax non-resident investments. As such, our Canadian doesn’t have to pay any taxes. He doesn’t even have to go to the hassle of filing tax returns.

The same applies to Brits and other Europeans, to Aussies, to Kiwis… in fact to absolutely anyone who is not a US citizen or green card holder. These people do not have to pay tax on their worldwide income to the countries from which they hold passports, provided they don’t live there. To avoid tax legally, all they have to do is move to one of the many countries in the world that either has no taxes (like Andorra or Monaco) or that does not tax even residents on worldwide income (for example Belize, Panama, Dominican Republic, Singapore, certain cantons of Switzerland…)

This situation is only fair I think. If you don’t live in a country, why should you be expected to pay for it? The US government, however, doesn’t share my opinion. They think that if you hold a US passport, you should pay up no matter what.

So if in our example above, the retiree was American rather than Canadian, he would still be taxable on his worldwide income. Poor American.

There is of course one legal way that Americans can, again at a stroke, avoid this worldwide tax obligation. That is by giving up US citizenship. Although this may seem like a drastic action to some, it’s a course of action that more and more wealthy Americans are taking each year. And in fact it’s a relatively straightforward procedure. It used to be free, but US consultates have recently introduced a $450 charge for handling the paperwork.

US citizens who do decide the renounce citizenship have two other important considerations:

• Before you can give up US citizenship, you must acquire a foreign citizenship, otherwise you would be left stateless, like a refugee who is unable to travel. Acquiring a second foreign passport, however, is relatively simple. For details click here:  How to Acquire a Second Passport Legally
• You must also take into consideration the so-called ‘departure tax’ instituted by Congress in 2008. In our view, this exit tax is more bark than bite. However it’s definitely an indication of things to come.

In my view, therefore, any US citizens who have a reasonable amount of disposable assets – or those who believe they can acquire wealth faster by working in an offshore, tax-free environment – should seriously consider expatriation. The grass often is greener on the other side. And even this loophole is likely to be tightened sooner, rather than later. Acquiring a second passport in a hurry via en economic citizenship program is many, many times more expensive than acquiring one over a few years via a residence program.

If you would like to know more about this topic, sign up now for our free five-part ‘Secrets of the Super Rich’ course now. Say no to unjust taxation on worldwide income!

by Peter Macfarlane for The Q Wealth Report

A number of readers have recently been asking me recently about the ‘Perpetual Traveler’ or ‘Permanent Tourist’ theories. The idea behind these theories is that smart, freedom-seeking individuals should not be bound in their allegiances to just one government. But do these theories have a practical application in real life?  In other words, do they work?

There also seems to be some confusion about the number of flags: The ‘Three Flags Theory’ of Harry Schultz, the ‘Five Flags Theory’ of the W.G. Hill series, publicized last year by Neil Strauss in his bestselling book Emergency… or the ‘Six Flags Theory’ of Bye Bye Big Brother?

What useful purpose does a government serve? Most people accept the institution of government because it has always been there; they have always assumed it was essential. People do not question its existence, much less its right to exist.

The various flags theories are all about achieving freedom by not having one single government controlling you. Most countries treat foreigners far better than their own citizens. So the idea is to be a foreigner wherever you go – hence the ‘Permanent Tourist’ tag. You also achieve privacy, because no government will have access to the full picture of you.

In general ‘PTs’ can, by moving between countries on a regular basis, legally reduce or eliminate their tax burden. Many, however, adopt this lifestyle primarily for self-ownership or freedom reasons – checking out of “The System”.

Either goal is achieved by simply using different governments, or flags, for different parts of your life. At its simplest, the theory works well with three flags:

• Have your citizenship somewhere that does not tax income earned outside the country.

• Have your businesses and speculations in stable, low or no tax countries – your business havens.

• Live as a tourist in countries where what you esteem is valued, not outlawed. These countries are known as Playgrounds.

Back in the 1980s, author Dr W.G. Hill and the Scope International publishing house produced a series of books such as The Passport Report, PT1, PT2 and Banking in Silence in which the original three flags were increased to five flags, by adding an additional ‘asset haven’ – a money management or offshore banking center, independent of the business flag – and a ‘residence’ flag in a tax haven where you have official residence.

Note that this is a paper or ‘official’ residence and is not necessarily where you physically spend your time. I wrote recently about residence and citizenship in the Dominican Republic for example – it’s ideal for this purpose, since you are allowed to be gone for up to a year at a time and still qualify as a resident.

Finally, in 2005, an anonymous author under the name of Grandpa wrote a new three volume update named Bye Bye Big Brother. In this, he added the sixth flag of cyberspace – a kind of virtual country which binds the other five flags together.

If your interested, check out our Critique of the PT Five Flags Theory which explains this in more depth. There’s also more information on the Survival Podcast forum.

Anyhow, having cleared up the confusion about the number of flags, the big question is, does it actually work?

It certainly does. Not only do I live this lifestyle myself, but I know plenty of other people who do too. However, I don’t know anyone who follows the rules absolutely. I think this was a set of rules made up for people who don’t like rules! Most people tend to interpret it in their own ways, picking and choosing the bits they like best.

When people first hear of the PT theory, they think it sounds difficult, complicated or expensive. It’s not.

Most people don’t decide to become PTs overnight. Think of it as a gradual process – little by little, you might open a bank account offshore (asset haven), buy real estate or spend time overseas (the playground) and expand your business by diversifying internationally (business haven.) Apply for a residence in a tax haven that can lead to a second passport, use the internet (sixth flag – cyberspace) and before you know it you are a fully fledged PT.

So this is certainly an interesting theory to bear in mind. If you would like to learn more about it, browse the Q Wealth website, and why not sign up for our free five part course ‘Secrets of the Super Rich’ which covers these ideas in more depth? There is no obligation, no spam, and you a free to unsubscribe at any time…

Although the Dominican Republic is not typically regarded as a tax haven, that is actually one of its attractions. Unlike traditional offshore centres, it has not been under pressure from the likes of the OECD, the G20 and the Obama administration. The Dominican Republic has a territorial tax system much like Panama’s, meaning that you can live there and enjoy the beaches tax free, provided your income comes from outside the country. It’s also known as one of the more liberal places for those seeking a second passport or citizenship.

The following is an edited version of an article by Rob Montes appeared in last week’s Q Bytes, our free newsletter. If you are not yet on the distribution list, sign up here: Free Q Bytes Membership to receive more exclusive content like this on a weekly basis.

Three Good Reasons to Consider the Dominican Republic for Second Passports and Offshore Investing

The more I learn about the Dominican Republic, the more I like it and see potential. Learning more was my original purpose in studying its national history. Right now the country has three things about it that would be particularly appealing to our members:

• Tax Haven – Dominican Republic has a territorial tax system, meaning that if you live there, you would only be subject to pay taxes if you had local income. You can earn what you like outside the country and you don’t even have to declare it, yet alone pay any taxes. This applies to both individuals and companies.

• Second Passports – Dominican Republic is one of the most liberal countries when it comes to granting citizenship through naturalization. After two years of residence, you can ask for a passport. As long as you haven’t done anything to upset the President, he will sign a decree making you a citizen. Absences of up to one year at a time don’t affect your residency status. This liberal naturalization law dates back to 1948, and there is much talk of it changing soon. Dual citizenship is allowed.

Note: Please do not confuse the Dominican Republic with the Commonwealth of Dominica. The Commonwealth of Dominica is a small, English-speaking island state with an established economic citizenship (second passport) program catering mainly to the super wealthy. The Dominican citizenship program requires an investment of hundreds of thousands of dollars. With Dominican Republic, however, you could likely obtain your second passport for as little as $10,000 – $15,000 plus the two year wait.

• Liveability – Dominican Republic is a good place to live. First of all, it’s affordable. The tax exemption you get in the Bahamas by buying a half-million-dollar property you get almost for free here. The capital, Santo Domingo, is a modern cosmopolitan city with a beautiful colonial heart. The Spanish colonised it, then the Americans were mainly responsible for the development of the city. The country’s second city Santiago, and the beautiful north coast, were only joined by decent roads built by the Americans in the 1920s. Before that, the north was almost a separate country – trading more with the British and Germans. Today there is a substantial Jewish population up there, and parts where French and Italian are frequently spoken. So there’s really something for everybody.

Dominican Republic has not been high on the traditional lists of places to retire to, that are hyped on the internet. This might be a good thing. Real estate is good value, it’s relatively easy to immigrate and obtain citizenship, and the business environment is nearly as favorable as the climate!

We will be in Dominican Republic next month and if any subscribers would like to get together, feel free to e-mail me. We can also recommend a special VIP immigration processing service, so you can get your initial residence by spending as little as one day in the country.

The ‘underwear bomber’ incident on Christmas Day on the NWA flight landing in Detroit should serve as a wake-up call for us all.  All the security measures put in place by governments supposedly to protect us against terrorists are not working. The government’s knee-jerk response is to increase security checks. Both these facts are of serious concern to our security, privacy and freedom. Allow us to explain…

Here at Q Wealth our intention is to bring you the common sense analysis behind the headlines. We base this analysis on our extensive experience and our good friends in both the ‘civil liberties’ and ‘intelligence’ communities. Bearing in mind that few facts of the case are known as yet and we are relying on TV reports for our information, here is our initial analysis – first of the actual event, then of the consequences. Warning: It is scary stuff.

First the good news: no-one was badly hurt. The underwear bomber burned his butt. Initial reports suggest he did not have a bomb, but rather some powder sewn into his underwear that he tried to inject with a liquid to cause a fire. Fortunately aircraft interiors are designed to be flame resistant, cabin crew are suitably trained and equipped with fire extinguishers, and one brave passenger physically restrained the terrorist. These three basic, sensible precautions saved the passengers and crew on that flight and the people on the ground below.

Whatever one may think of multi-billion dollar global spying operations and intrusive airport security measures, if they worked it would at least be a strong argument in favor of them. But this incident shows they do not work. The suspect’s father, a prominent banker, had taken the extraordinary step of reporting his suspicions about his son to the US embassy. The UK had refused to renew the suspect’s student visa because of his apparent terrorist connections. Yet here he was in possession of a valid US visa, travelling in his own name, allowed on board a flight to the US.

Airport security in Amsterdam, where the suspect boarded, is as ‘good’ as anywhere else. This writer passed through one of the new full body scanners there nearly a year ago. These are the super-duper new machines that are due to be rolled out over the USA next year. On my particular flight, the business class passengers were being checked by the new machine, while economy class passengers were being checked using the older method.

Nobody informed us what the machine was so I guess the majority of business class passengers had no idea they were having these photos taken. But a properly trained terrorist, especially one with a mechanic engineering degree like this one, who had something sewn into his underwear would surely have recognized the machine and snuck into the other line.

We are civil libertarians but we certainly recognize the need for airport security. The normal airport security that was in place in Europe (but not the US) in 2001 did not particularly bother passengers. It involved a quick scan of the hand-luggage and passing through a metal detector, as well as routine scanning of all checked baggage – measures which would very likely have prevented the 9/11 hijackers. I can also see the logic behind separating laptops at the scanner.

But none of the rules introduced since (restrictions on liquid, taking shoes off etc) make any sense. Does anyone think for a moment that a terrorist is incapable of forging a prescription from a Nigerian doctor that would allow him to take a syringe and more liquid that normal on board a plane? Depriving us of blankets and pillows or restricting hand luggage is just about inconveniencing passengers for absolutely zero security benefit.

Frankly, there is nothing more we can do in terms of physical airport security. It is impossible to introduce a fool-proof system. If a person is smart and determined enough they will be able to carry dangerous items past poorly-paid security guards – people who are taught to function like robots by reacting to whatever the latest threat is and, especially in the USA, to using scare tactics to bully passengers. And while the west wages war in other parts of the world, there will always be those smart and determined people.

Then another personal gripe of mine. More pressure on the use of cash payments for airline tickets. Last night US media were making a big deal of the fact that this guy paid cash for his ticket in Nigeria. All the ‘experts’ claim this is a warning sign of potential terrorist activity. I hope the people who are really in charge, rather than the so-called experts on TV, aren’t so stupid. I took the liberty of checking out the State Department’s website and here is what they say about use of credit cards in Nigeria:

The Nigerian currency, the naira, is non-convertible.  U.S. dollars are widely accepted.  Nigeria is a cash economy, and it is usually necessary to carry sufficient currency to cover the expenses of a planned visit, which makes travelers an attractive target for criminals.  Credit cards are rarely accepted beyond a few upscale hotels.  Due to credit card fraud in Nigeria and by cohorts in the United States, credit card use should be considered carefully.  While Citibank cashes some traveler’s checks, most other banks do not.  American Express does not have offices in Nigeria; however, Thomas Cook does.  Inter-bank transfers are often difficult to accomplish, though money transfer services such as Western Union are available.

So any airline flying from Nigeria had better accept cash payments……

But this is not an article about airport security. Travelling is a hassle these days but lack of pillows is a minor annoyance in the greater scheme of things.

Think for a moment about what would have happened if this attack had succeeded. The indirect consequences could be much worse than the direct ones. Think back to September 11th, 2001. Only this time imagine it worse. A lockdown of the USA. Borders could be sealed. Banks could be closed (Google the ‘bank holiday’ conspiracy theories…) and ATMs switched off. Assets could be appropriated by the government, as is common in times of war. Telecommunications and the internet could stop working. Martial law could be imposed. Events could easily get out of hand – causing blood in the streets, figuratively if not literally.

Similar things could easily happen elsewhere too. In the UK, for example, it is well known that the military have an emergency plan to seal off the whole of Greater London.

As smart individuals we need to make sure we are properly prepared for such catastrophes. Unfortunately, I think the probability of a successful major terrorist attack within the next few years is high, and it is more than likely to target the financial system. This would in many ways be awfully convenient for the powers that be, too – since then they would have somebody else to blame for a total collapse of the financial system that is happening already (see the related post links below to read about the decline in the value of the US dollar or ‘dollar devaluation‘)

I certainly hope I am wrong, and I am by no means saying that all the above things are going to happen. But I consider it would be smart to be prepared. It’s clearly better to have contingency plans in place and never have to use them, than the other way around.

So let’s treat this incident as a wake up call. We all get lazy. We all get stuck in our routines as soon as we feel a little bit comfortable and secure. But it should be a serious New Year’s resolution to put into place strong strategies to protect not just your assets but yourself. Don’t put it off. Do it now before it’s too late!

What do I mean? Different people have different necessities. But here are some of the basics:

• Physical gold and silver: The majority should be stored outside your home country, but you need some at home. Silver coins are better to barter for things like food. Both silver and gold are great investments. But if trading on the markets is suspended then all your ETFs, mining stocks, Perth Mint Certificates and the like will be worthless, at least in the short term. You need a proportion of your portfolio in physical metals. More on Buying Physical Gold Bullion Offshore here.

• Second residencies and passports: Again, it’s all about diversifying risk. Identifying yourself and your family as citizens of a neutral country may just come in very handy one day. Mobility is essential for your security. In the meantime, having legal residence (the papers) and/or a bolt hole (physical property) in a secure jurisdiction like a tax haven, well away from potential problems, is also reassuring. Rather than being forced to flee to an unknown place, you can just step comfortably in to a new life you have waiting for you. And the legal residence can lead to a second passport by naturalization after a few short years. More on Second Passports and Residencies here.

• Offshore Banking: Something as simple as opening a multi currency bank account outside your home jurisdiction can reduce and spread risk. Hold funds in various currencies and financial instruments. Any prudent investor should have international and foreign currency holdings and a multi currency account is a good starting point. For greater security and personal privacy consider the use of a Panama Foundation or Corporation. More on Offshore Banking matters here.

• Alternative Incomes: What would you do if you had to abandon your business tomorrow and leave the country? You should have not just assets in place overseas, but also a secure income stream from some sort of business you can run internationally. More on Offshore Wealth Creation here.

• Understand and Use Privacy Technology: Secure your internet communications. And, though this is certainly more difficult, think about what you would do if you didn’t have access to the internet. I don’t believe the whole internet will collapse, but parts of it certainly could. More on Privacy Technology in our new Secure Computing report, available in the members area.

There are lots more contingency plans you might need to put in place, depending on your family, your business, and your personal situation. For this reason we offer a free e-mail consultation to all paid-up Q Wealth members (obviously in our own time, it can take a few weeks for your reply) and we encourage you to attend our events where such contingency plans are discussed.

The first and most important step, if you like this article and haven’t already done so, is to sign up for our free Q Bytes newsletter to benefit from free weekly tips on major themes like offshore banking, asset protection, personal security, precious metals, and offshore wealth creation.